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Hindi (Devanagari: or , IAST: , ), an Indo-European language spoken mainly in northern and central India, is one of the official languages of the Union government of India.[1][2] It is part of a dialect continuum of the Indic family, bounded on the northwest and west by Punjabi, Sindhi, Urdu, and Gujarati; on the south by Marathi and Konkani; on the southeast by Oriya; on the east by Bengali; and on the north by Nepali. Hindi also refers to a standardized register of Hindustani termed khariboli, that emerged as the standard dialect. The grammatical description in this article concerns this standard Hindi.